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AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 1 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated features general description the AP6015 is the first device in a family of low-noise synchronous step-down dc-dc converters. it is ideally suited for systems powered by either a 1-cell li-ion battery or a 2- to 3-cell nicd/ nimh/ alkaline battery. ? high efficiency synchronous step-down converter with greater than 94% ? 2.5v to 5.5v operating input voltage range ? adjustable output voltage range from 0.8v to v in ? fixed output voltage options: 1.8v, 2.5v and 3.3v the AP6015 is a synchronous pwm converter with integrated n- and p-channel power mosfet switches. compared to the asynchronous topology, synchronous rectification offers the benefits of higher efficiency and reduced component count. the high operating frequency of 1mhz allows small inductor and capacitor to be used. this results in small pcb area. during shut-down, the standby current drops to 1 a or less. the AP6015 is available in the 10-pi n msop package. it operates over a free-air temperature range of -40 o c to 85 o c. ? up to 800ma output current ? high efficiency over a wide range of load currents ? pwm operation mode ? internal soft-start function ? typical quiescent current of 150 a ? msop-10l: available in ?green? molding compound (no br, sb) ? lead free finish/ rohs compliant (note 1) applications ? mobile handsets ? pdas, ultra mobile pcs ? portable media players, digital still/video cameras ? usb-based dsl modems ? lan/wlan/wpan/wwan modules ordering information package m10 : msop-10l ap 6015 - xx m10 g - 13 packing 13 : tape & reel voltage 18 : 1.8v 25 : 2.5v 33 : 3.3v blank : adj lead free g : green 13? tape and reel device package code packaging (note 2) quantity part number suffix AP6015-xxm10g-13 m10 msop-10l 2500/tape & reel -13 notes: 1. eu directive 2002/95/ec (rohs). all applicable rohs exemptions applied, see eu directive 2002/95/ec annex notes . 2. pad layout as shown on diodes inc. suggested pad la yout document ap02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/d atasheets/ap02001.pdf .
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 2 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated pin assignment ( top view ) msop-10l pg fb/vout nc cc pvcc vcc gnd pgnd lx en 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10 pin descriptions pin name pin no. i/o description pvcc 1 i supply voltage input vcc 2 supply bypass pin. a 1 f coupling capacitor should be connected as close as possible to this pin. gnd 3 ground pg 4 o power good comparator output. a pull- up resistor should be connected between pg and v o . fb 5 i feedback pin for the fix ed output voltage option. cc 6 i compensation pin nc 7 nc no connect en 8 i enable.pin, h: enable. l:shutdown lx 9 i/o connect the inductor to this pin. pgnd 10 power ground
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 3 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated block diagram + - pwm-com - bandgap osc vramp current protection - + er-amp buffer - + pg_com uvlo open drain ts bias lx fb fb pg pg ce en cc cc pvcc pgnd vcc pgnd gnd pvcc vref=0.8v ss ss notes: 3. the adjustable output voltage version does not use the internal feedback resistor divider. the fb pin is directly connected to the error amplifier. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter rating unit esd hbm human body model esd protection 2.5 kv esd mm machine model esd protection 300 v pvcc, vcc supply voltage -0.3 to +5.5 v voltages on pins en, cc, pg, fb, lx -0.3 to v in +0.3 v t j(max) maximum junction temperature range +150 o c t st storage temperature range -65 to +150 o c t op operating junction temperature range -40 to +125 o c stresses beyond those listed under ?absolute maximum ratings? may cause permanent damage to the dev ice. these are stress ratin gs only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under ?recommended operating conditions? is not implied. exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods ma affect device reliability.
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 4 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated recommended operating conditions (t a :-40~85 c) symbol parameter rating unit t a operating ambient temperature range -40 to +85 o c v in supply voltage 2.0 to 5.5 v v o output voltage range for adjustable output voltage version 0.8 to v i v l inductor (see note 4) 3.3 h c i input capacitor (see note 4) 10 f c o output capacitor (see note 4) v o 1.8v 10 f notes: 4. refer to application section for further information. electrical characteristics (t a =25 c) over recommended operating free-air temperature range, v i =3.6v, v o =2.5v, i o =300ma, en=v in . (unless otherwise noted) symbol parameter conditions min typ. max unit supply current i o = 0ma to 800ma 2.5 - 5.5 -20 to 85 o c i o = 0ma to 500ma 2 - 5.5 i o = 0ma to 600ma 2.5 5.5 v in input voltage range -40 to 85 o c i o = 0ma to 400ma 2 - - v iccq operating quiescent current i o = 0ma - 150 - a i stby standby current en= gnd - 0.1 1 a enable v in 3v 1.5 - - v ih en high-level input voltage v in > 3v 2.5 - - v v il en low-level input voltage - - 0.7 v i l en input leakage current en= gnd or v in - 0.01 0.1 a v (uvlo) under-voltage-lockout-threshold 1.2 1.6 1.95 v
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 5 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (continued) over recommended operating free-air temperature range, v i =3.6v, v o =2.5v, i o =300 ma, en=v in . (unless otherwise noted) symbol parameter conditions min typ. max unit power switch and current limit v i =v gs =3.6v; i=200ma 200 280 410 p-channel mosfet on-resistance v i =v gs =2v; i=200ma - 480 - m ? p-channel leakage current v ds =5.5v - - 1 a v i =v gs =3.6v; i o =200ma 200 280 410 n-channel mosfet on-resistance v i =v gs =2v; i o =200ma - 500 - m ? r ds(on) n-channel leakage current v ds =5.5v - - 1 a i (lim) p-channel current limit 2.5v v i 5.5v 1200 - 1600 ma power good output (see note 5) power good threshold feedback voltage falling 88% v o 92% v o 94% v o v (pg) power good hysteresis 2.5% v o v v ol pg output low voltage v (fb) =0.8v o nominal; i (sink) =10 a - - 0.3 v i lkg pg output leakage current v (fb) =v o nominal 0.01 1 a minimum supply voltage for valid power good signal 1.2 - - v oscillator f s oscillator frequency 800 1000 1200 khz output v o adjustable output voltage range 0.8 5.5 v v ref reference voltage 0.784 0.8 0.816 v AP6015-adj v i =2.5v to 5.5v; 0ma i o 800ma 3% - 4% AP6015-1.8v 10ma i o 800ma 3% - 3% v i =2.7v to 5.5v; 0ma i o 800ma 3% - 4% AP6015-2.5v 10ma i o 800ma 3% - 3% v i =3.6v to 5.5v; 0ma i o 800ma 3% - 4% v o fixed output voltage (see note 6) AP6015-3.3v 10ma i o 800ma 3% - 3% v line regulation v i = v o 0.5v (min.2v) to 6.0v; i o =10ma 0.3 %/v load regulation v i =5.0v; i o =10ma to 800ma 0.8 % v i =5v; v o =3.3v; i o =300ma efficiency v i =3.6v; v o =2.5v; i o =200ma 94 % start-up time i o =0ma, time from active en to v o 0.4 1 4 ms ja thermal resistance junction-to-ambient msop-10l (note 7) 161 o c/w jc t hermal resistance junction-to-case msop-10l (note 7) 39 o c/w notes: 5. power good is not valid for the first 100 s after en goes high. please refer to th e application section for more information. 6. the output voltage accuracy includes line and load regulation over the full temperature range. 7. test condition for msop-10l: device mounted on 2oz cop per, minimum recommended pad layout on top & bottom layer with therm al vias, double sided fr-4 pcb
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 6 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical application circuit for best transient response we suggest that r cc , c cc and l1 values as below. r cc c cc l1-wurth c1, c2 (mlcc) v in < 3.0v, v out < 2.5v 200k ? 33pf 1.8 h 10 f v in 3.0v, v out < 2.5v 68k ? 100pf 1.8 h 10 f v in 3.0v, v out 2.5v 82k ? 100pf 3.3 h 10 f (1) adj output 9 5 4 8 63 10 2 1 power good c2 10f c1 10f v i 3.0 v to 5.5 v v o 2.5 v/800 ma l1 lx fb pg pgnd pvcc en vcc gnd cc AP6015 r3 680k r1 c cc 100pf r2 1f 100 ohm rcc r2: suggest to be 39k~100k because of stability reasons. c3 )1( 2 1 r r vv ref o += typical application circuit for ad justable output voltage option (2) fixed output 9 5 4 2 63 10 8 1 c2 10uf power good v i 5 v v o 1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3v/ 800ma l1 lx fb pg pgnd pvcc en vcc gnd cc AP6015 typical application c cc r3 680k c1 10uf 1uf 100 ohm 100pf rcc c3 standard 5 v to 1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3v / 800ma conversion; high efficiency
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 7 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated input voltage vs. supply current 0 50 100 150 200 250 22.533.644.555.5 input voltage (v) supply current (ua) vout=0.8v vout=1.8v figure 1 supply current vs. temperature (vcc=3.6v vout=2.5v) 0 50 100 150 200 250 -40-250 255085 temperature ( ) supply current (ua) figure 2 stand-by current vs. input voltage 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 22.533.644.555.5 input voltage (v) stand-by current (ua) figure 3 stand-by current vs. tem perature (vcc=3.6v) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 -40-25 0 255085 temperature ( ) stand-by current (ua) figure 4 typical operating characteristics
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 8 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated line regulation (vout=2.5v iout=10m a) 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.5 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 3.0v 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5 input voltage (v) output voltage (v) figure 5 load regulation (vcc=5.0v vout=2.5v) 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.5 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 10 100 200 400 600 800 output current (ma) output voltage (v) figure 6 frequency vs. tem perature (vcc=3.6v vout=2.5v) 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 -40 -25 0 25 50 85 temperature ( ) frequency (khz ) figure 7 uvlo vs. tem perature 1.4 1.48 1.56 1.64 1.72 1.8 -40 -25 0 25 50 85 temperature ( ) uvlo (v) figure 8 typical operating characteristics (continued)
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 9 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical operating characteristics (continued) efficiency vs. load current (vcc=3.6v vout=1.8v) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) efficiency (% ) figure 9 efficiency vs. load current (vcc=3.6v vout=2.5v) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) efficiency (%) figure 10 efficiency vs. load current (vcc=5.0v vout=2.5v) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) efficiency (%) figure 11 efficiency vs. load current (vcc=5.0v vout=3.3v) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) efficiency (% ) figure 12
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 10 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical operating characteristics (continued) dropout voltage vs. load current (vout=2.5v) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) dropout voltage (mv) dropout voltage vs. load current (vout=3.3v) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 load current (ma) dropout voltage (mv) figure 13 figure 14 output ripple output ripple figure 15 figure 16
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 11 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical operating characteristics (continued) load transient response load transient response figure 17 figure 18 load transient response load transient response figure 19 figure 20
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 12 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated application information enable (en) when en is on logic low, the AP6015 goes into shutdow n mode. in shutdown, all other functions are turned off. the supply current is reduced to 1ua (typ.). soft start as the enable pin goes high, the soft-start function generates an internal voltage ramp. this causes the start-up current to slowly raise pr eventing output voltage overshoot and hi gh inrush currents. the soft-start duration is typical 1msec. AP6015 start-up time under voltage lock out (uvlo) the uvlo prevents the converter fr om turning on when the voltage on v cc is less than typically 1.6v. 0v 1.6v 3.6v 2.5v 0v vcc vout uvlo
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 13 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated application information (continued) power good (pg) the pg comparator has an open drain output capable of sinking typically 10ma. the pg is only active when the AP6015 is enable (en=high). when the AP6015 is di sable (en=low), the pg pin is high impedance. if the pg pin is connected to the output of the AP6015 with a pull-up resistor, no initial spike occurs and precautions have to be taken during start-up. the pg pin becomes active high when the output voltage exceeds typically 92% of its nominal value. leave the pg pin unconnected when not used. pg sink current vs. exterani voltage 0 5 10 15 20 25 22.533.644.555.5 external voltage (v) pg sink current (ma )
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 14 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated application information (continued) inductor selection in order to avoid saturation of the inductor, the inductor should be rated at least for the maximum output current plus the inductor ripple current which is calculated as: fl v v vi cc o ol ? = )(1 2 )()( l maxo maxl i ii += where: f= switching frequency (1mhz typical) l = inductor value i l = peak-to-peak inductor ripple current i l (max) = maximum inductor current vcc=3.6v vout=2.5v f=1mhz l=3.3uh i l P 230ma vcc=3.6v vout=2.5v f=1mhz l=1.8uh i l P 360ma
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 15 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated application information (continued) input capacitor selection though there is no special requirement for the esr (equivalent series resistance) of the input capacitor, due attention should be paid to the tolerance and temperature coefficient of the capacitor used. a 10uf or larger capacitance is required between the pvcc and the gnd pins. the input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the pvcc pin in order to achieve good overall system performance. output capacitor selection ripple at the voltage output pin is caus ed by the charge-and-discharge of t he output capacitor. for the best performance, a low esr output capacitor should be used. the equation below demonstrates how the size of the ripple can be calculated. ) 8 1 () 8 1 ( )(1 esr fc iesr fcfl v v vv o l o cc o oo + =+ ? = where: vo= output voltage ripple l = inductor value f = switching frequency (1mhz typical) i l = peak-to-peak inductor ripple current
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 16 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated application information (continued) layout considerations a good board layout practice can significantly improve the stability of the application circuit and reduce the system noise. the feedback path must be as short as possible. the input capacitor and bypass capacitor must be placed close to the pvcc and the vcc pins for optimal performance. it is recommended that the ground planes for system ground / power ground / analog ground are isolated from each others, while they should all be joined together at a common point. an example drawing of a circuit with good ground noise performance is shown below. 9 5 4 8 63 10 2 1 power good c2 10 uf c1 10f v i v o l1 lx fb pg pgnd pvcc en vcc gnd cc AP6015 r3 680k r1 c cc 100 pf r2 1f 100 ohm rcc c3 the external inductor must be placed as close as possibl e to the switching node, i. e. the lx pin. the copper traces on the pcb, where high peak switching current may flow through, should be kept ?wide? and ?short?. this results in low inductance and capacitance in the current path, hence ground shift problem is avoided and system stability stay within bound.
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 17 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated marking information 6015xx ( top view ) y m x part number logo month : a~l=01~12 year : "7" = 2007 "8" = 2008 a~z : green 9876 1 245 ~ 10 3 msop-10l xx : 18 for 1.8v 25 for 2.5v 33 for 3.3v blank for adj package information (all dimensions in mm) (1) package type: msop-10l 2.95/3.05 0.75/0.95 0.05/0.15 2.95/3.05 4.8/5.0 0.17/0.27 0.10 0.1/0.2 0.4/0.7 0.25 gauge plane 0 /8 "a" detail "a" 1.10max. seting plane 0.5typ. c c 10x-0.30 8x-0.50 10x-1.4 land pattern r ecommendation (unit:mm) 1 1 1 4.4
AP6015 high efficiency step-down low power dc-dc converter AP6015 rev. 2 18 of 18 august 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated important notice life support diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to any product herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any pr oduct described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. the user of products in such applications shall a ssume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all dam ages. diodes incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the e xpressed written approval of the president of diodes incorporated.

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